The correct answer to the question is option D: Captación de CO2.
Here's why:
1. A "servicio ambiental" refers to an environmental service provided by ecosystems that benefits human well-being.
2. The capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) is an example of an environmental service. This process involves plants, especially trees, absorbing CO2 during photosynthesis, which helps mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing the amount of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.
3. Forests (option A: Bosque) can also be considered an example of a service, as they provide multiple environmental benefits such as oxygen production, habitat for wildlife, and carbon sequestration.
4. The mangrove crab (option C: Cangrejo de mangle) is not typically categorized as a direct environmental service, although mangroves themselves provide various services like coastal protection, fish nurseries, and carbon storage.
In summary, while options A and D are both examples of environmental services, capturing CO2 (option D) specifically addresses the mitigation of climate change, making it a more direct and specific example of a service in the context of the question.
