The basic unit of matter is the atom. Atoms are the smallest units of an element that retain the chemical properties of that element. They consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons orbiting the nucleus. Each element on the periodic table is made up of unique atoms with specific numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms can combine to form molecules, which are made up of two or more atoms bonded together. A compound, on the other hand, is a substance made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Gases, on the other hand, are one of the states of matter in which atoms or molecules have weak forces of attraction and move freely.
In summary:
1. The basic unit of matter is the atom, which is the smallest unit of an element.
2. Molecules are formed when atoms bond together.
3. Compounds are substances made up of different types of atoms bonded together.
4. Gases are a state of matter where atoms or molecules move freely due to weak forces of attraction.
