Answer :
In X-linked inheritance of recessive disorders like color blindness, females are more likely to be carriers because they have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). Here's why:
1. Females have two X chromosomes, so if one X chromosome carries the recessive gene for a disorder, the other X chromosome may have a normal, dominant allele that can mask the effects of the recessive gene. This means that females are more likely to be carriers rather than showing the disorder themselves.
2. In males, however, they have only one X chromosome. If this X chromosome carries the recessive gene for a disorder, there is no second X chromosome to compensate for it. As a result, males are more likely to express X-linked recessive disorders because they lack a second X chromosome to mask the effects of the recessive gene.
3. Since males inherit their X chromosome from their mothers, if the mother is a carrier of an X-linked recessive disorder, there is a 50% chance of passing the affected X chromosome to her sons. If a son inherits this affected X chromosome, he will likely exhibit the disorder due to the lack of a second X chromosome to counterbalance the recessive gene.
So, to summarize, females are more likely to be carriers of X-linked recessive disorders due to having two X chromosomes, while males are more likely to express these disorders because they have only one X chromosome without a second X chromosome to compensate for the recessive gene.
