The correct answer to the question is: terrorism.
Explanation:
1. Violence used by non-state actors against civilians for political purposes is a defining characteristic of terrorism.
2. Terrorism aims to create fear, coerce governments, or achieve ideological goals through violent means targeting civilians.
3. Terrorist acts can include bombings, assassinations, hostage-taking, and other forms of violence to instill fear and achieve political objectives.
4. Organizations like ISIS, Al-Qaeda, and Boko Haram are known for using terrorism as a tactic to further their political agendas.
In conclusion, when non-state actors engage in violent acts against civilians for political reasons, it is termed as terrorism.
