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a) The lens:
The lens in the eye is adapted for its function by being transparent and flexible. This transparency allows light to pass through it and focus on the retina at the back of the eye. Its flexibility enables the lens to change its shape, allowing us to focus on objects at different distances. This adaptability is essential for clear vision at varying distances.
b) Sclera:
The sclera, commonly known as the white of the eye, is adapted for its function by providing structural support and protection to the eye. It is tough and fibrous, helping maintain the shape of the eyeball and protecting the internal structures. Additionally, the white color of the sclera reflects light away from the eye, preventing excess light from entering and potentially causing damage.
c) Iris:
The iris is adapted for its function primarily by regulating the amount of light entering the eye. It contains muscles that control the size of the pupil, the black opening in the center of the iris. In bright light, the iris contracts, making the pupil smaller to reduce the amount of light entering the eye. In dim light, the iris expands, dilating the pupil to allow more light in for better vision in low-light conditions.
d) Choroid:
The choroid is adapted for its function by providing blood supply to the structures of the eye, including the retina. It is highly vascularized, meaning it has many blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to the eye tissues. This blood supply is crucial for maintaining the health and function of the retina, which is essential for vision.
These adaptations of the lens, sclera, iris, and choroid contribute to the overall function of the eye and our ability to see clearly in different environments and conditions.
