These are the completed sentences:
a. In B) A.D 1492 Columbus set sail for the new world.
b. Mary's friends, Tom, Susie, Sharon G) et al came to get her to go to the movies.
c. I would love to be able to sleep until 10 F) A.M. before starting my day.
d. Many politicians can give speeches at a moment's notice, or H. a d l ib.
e. In order to be prepared for school, one needs paper, pens, pencils, I) etc.
f. When the Po pe lands, he is always glad to arrive on D) ter ra fir ma
g. The foot note E) ib id means you'll find refe rences in the same place.
How to explain the terms
A) e.g. - This is an abbreviation for the Latin term "ex em pli gra tia," which translates to "for example." It is used to introduce one or more examples that illustrate a point.
B) A.D. - This stands for "An no Domini," which is Latin for "in the year of our Lord." It is used to denote years in the Christian calendar, counting forward from the traditionally reckoned year of the birth of Jesus Christ.
C) A u - This is an abbreviation for the chemical element gold, whose symbol on the periodic table is "A u," derived from the Latin word "a ur um."
D) ter ra fir ma - This is a Latin term that translates to "firm land" or "solid ground." It refers to the Earth's surface as opposed to water or air.
E) ib id - This is an abbreviation of the Latin term "ib id em," which means "in the same place." It is used in footnotes or bibliographies to indicate that the source cited is the same as the one immediately preceding it.
F) A.M. - This stands for "ante meridiem," which is Latin for "before noon." It is used to denote times occurring in the morning, before midday.
G) et al. - This is an abbreviation of the Latin term "et alia" (singular: "et ali us"), which means "and others." It is used in citations to indicate that there are additional authors or contributors beyond those specifically named.
H) a d lib. - This is short for the Latin term "a d li bitum," which means "at one's pleasure" or "as desired." It is used to indicate that something is done spontaneously or without prior preparation.
I) etc. - This is an abbreviation for the Latin term "et cetera," which means "and so forth" or "and other things." It is used to indicate that there are additional items or examples that could be listed but are not explicitly mentioned.
J) ter ra inc og ni ta - This is a Latin term that translates to "unknown land" or "unexplored territory." It was historically used on maps to designate areas that had not yet been explored or mapped.