To find the number of different groups of students the principal could choose, we can use multiplication.
First, we need to determine the number of ways we can choose 3 seniors from a group of 5. This can be calculated as 5 choose 3, which is denoted as "5C3".
Similarly, we also need to find the number of ways we can choose 5 juniors from a group of 8, denoted as "8C5".
The number of different groups of students the principal could choose is the product of these two calculations, which is (5C3) * (8C5).