When a charged object is touched to a second object causing charges to move onto the second object, this process is called **charging by conduction**. Here's a breakdown of how this process works:
1. **Charged Object**: Initially, the first object is charged with excess electrons or deficient electrons (positively charged).
2. **Touching the Second Object**: When the charged object comes into contact with the second object, electrons can move from one object to the other due to the potential difference.
3. **Charges Transfer**: Electrons move from the charged object to the second object if the charged object has an excess of electrons. If the charged object is positively charged, electrons move from the second object to the charged object.
4. **Equalization of Charges**: Through this process, the charges on the two objects equalize or become neutralized, depending on the initial charge distribution.
5. **Final State**: After the charging by conduction process, both objects may end up with the same charge or neutralize each other depending on their initial charge states.
This transfer of charges through direct contact is a fundamental concept in understanding the behavior of charged objects and their interactions.
