The correct answer to the question is:
B. state.
Explanation:
1. A group of people who live in the same territory and rule themselves through a government is referred to as a "state."
2. A state typically has defined borders, a permanent population, a government, and the ability to enter into relations with other states.
3. It is a political entity that exercises control over its territory, both internally and externally.
4. Examples of states include the United States, China, Brazil, and Germany.
Remember, a state is different from a government. The state is the entire political entity, while the government is the specific group of people who are in power at a given time.
