The spectrum shows the distribution of energy given off by a light source. It provides valuable information about the different wavelengths of light present in the source's emission. Each type of light, such as visible light, infrared light, or ultraviolet light, has its own unique range of wavelengths that contribute to the overall spectrum.
When this light is analyzed through a prism or diffraction grating, it separates into its component colors, revealing a pattern of bright lines or dark bands. These patterns represent the different wavelengths of light present in the source's emission, forming a spectrum.
In summary, a spectrum displays the range of wavelengths and intensities of light emitted by a source, allowing scientists to identify the composition and properties of the light source based on its unique spectral fingerprint.
