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In the situation described, Martha is utilizing negative reinforcement as part of reinforcement therapy. Negative reinforcement involves the removal or avoidance of a negative stimulus to increase the likelihood of a desired behavior.
Here's a breakdown of Martha's actions in relation to negative reinforcement:
1. Martha leaves her used tea bags on the kitchen countertop, resulting in stains. This situation creates a negative consequence (stains on the countertop).
2. To prevent ruining the countertop, Martha starts putting her tea bags in the garbage instead. By doing this, she is avoiding the negative consequence of stained countertops.
3. The act of putting the tea bags in the garbage is reinforced by the removal of the negative stimulus (stains on the countertop), thereby increasing the likelihood that Martha will continue this behavior in the future.
Therefore, in the scenario provided, Martha's action of putting her used tea bags in the garbage to avoid staining the countertop represents negative reinforcement as a form of reinforcement therapy.