1. What motivated European powers to pursue colonial expansion in Asia? a) Desire for military supremacy b) Nationalist sentiments c) Economic interests and resources d) Pursuit of religious freedom 2. What technological advancements provided European powers with advantages during the second phase of imperialism in Asia? a) Horse-drawn carriages b) Advanced weaponry and transportation networks c) Sailing ships d) Wooden fortresses 3. How did King Chulalongkorn navigate the complex geopolitical landscape of his time? a) By surrendering to colonial powers b) By forming alliances with only one colonial power c) By balancing competing colonial interests d) By isolating Siam from the rest of the world 4. What is King Chulalongkorn's most celebrated reform regarding human rights? a) Abolition of slavery b) Introduction of censorship laws c) Establishment of martial law d) Execution of political dissidents 5. When did Thailand have initial contacts with Western powers? a) 15th century b) 16th century c) 17th century d) 18th century 6. Which king founded the Chakri Dynasty in Thailand? a) King Rama III b) King Rama IV c) King Rama V d) King Rama I 7. What was the former name of Thailand? a) Burma b) Siam c) Indochina d) Malaysia 8. In which century did King Rama I ascend to the throne? a) 16th century b) 17th century c) 18th century d) 19th century 9. What role did capitalism play in driving imperial expansion in Asia? a) It promoted isolationism b) It discouraged trade c) It provided access to cheap labor and resources d) It prioritized agricultural development 10. Which economic theory prioritized wealth accumulation through a favorable balance of trade? a) Capitalism b) Mercantilism c) Communism d) Socialism 11. How did mercantilist policies aim to protect domestic industries? a) By encouraging free trade agreements b) By promoting import subsidies c) By imposing tariffs and quotas d) By advocating for open borders 12. What was one of the consequences of mercantilist policies on colonial expansion? a) Reduction o