The poem "White Man's Burden" by Rudyard Kipling encouraged:
a) imperialism
Explanation:
1. The poem "White Man's Burden" was written by Rudyard Kipling in 1899.
2. It promotes the idea of the "civilizing mission" of Western colonial powers.
3. The term "White Man's Burden" refers to the supposed responsibility of white colonizers to govern and educate non-white people.
4. The poem portrays imperialism as a noble and benevolent duty of the white race to bring civilization to less developed nations.
5. It reflects the mindset prevalent during the era of European imperialism, justifying the expansion of empires through notions of superiority and moral obligation.
In summary, "White Man's Burden" by Rudyard Kipling advocated for imperialism by presenting it as a duty of the white race to bring progress and civilization to other parts of the world.