Answer :

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1. The statement that the male sperm cell controls the gender of the offspring is false.

2. The gender of the offspring is determined by the sex chromosome carried by the sperm that fertilizes the egg.

3. Sperm cells from the father carry either an X or a Y chromosome. If a sperm with an X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the offspring will be female (XX). If a sperm with a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the offspring will be male (XY).

4. Therefore, it is the sperm cell's type of sex chromosome (X or Y) that determines the gender of the offspring, not the sperm cell itself.