The correct answer is:
d) electrolyte imbalances, urinary calculi, and osteoporosis
Explanation:
1. Antacid preparations can lead to electrolyte imbalances in the body. This is because antacids can interfere with the normal levels of electrolytes like calcium, magnesium, and potassium, which are essential for proper bodily functions.
2. Urinary calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, can be a side effect of antacid use. This is due to changes in the pH levels of urine caused by the ingredients in antacids, which may contribute to the formation of kidney stones.
3. Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakening of the bones, can also be associated with prolonged use of antacids. This is because some antacids can interfere with the absorption of calcium, an essential mineral for maintaining bone density, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis over time.
These side effects highlight the importance of using antacids cautiously and under medical supervision to minimize potential risks to overall health.
