President Dwight D. Eisenhower took the action of sending United States Army troops to enforce school integration in response to the Supreme Court decision. This decision, known as Brown v. Board of Education, declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional. By sending troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, Eisenhower ensured that African American students could attend Central High School in compliance with the Court's ruling. This action was a significant step in the civil rights movement and demonstrated the federal government's commitment to upholding the law and promoting equality in education.