Nurses often experience moral distress related to their recognition of ethical issues that
they are unable to address or resolve. Which external constraints most often contribute to
their moral distress in these situations? Select all that apply.
Lack of knowledge or understanding
Lack of experience regarding how to address the issue
Hierarchy and institutional obstacles of the health care system
Inadequate communication among health care team members
Hospital policies and procedures that conflict with patient needs



Answer :

Final answer:

Nurses experience moral distress due to external constraints like lack of knowledge, hierarchy in the healthcare system, and conflicting hospital policies.


Explanation:

External constraints that often contribute to nurses' moral distress include:

  • Lack of knowledge or understanding: Nurses may feel distressed when faced with ethical issues they are not knowledgeable about.
  • Hierarchy and institutional obstacles of the health care system: Institutional barriers and hierarchical structures can hinder nurses from addressing ethical issues.
  • Hospital policies and procedures that conflict with patient needs: Nurses may experience distress when they are bound by conflicting hospital policies that do not align with patients' best interests.

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