Attitudes and behaviors are shaped by cognitive biases (actor-observer bias, self-serving bias) and social influences (social facilitation). These factors play a crucial role in shaping how we perceive and act in various situations.
Actor-observer bias refers to the tendency to attribute our behaviors to external factors (as an observer) while attributing others' behaviors to internal factors (as an actor). For example, if someone is late, we might attribute it to traffic, but if we are late, we might attribute it to a busy schedule.
Self-serving bias involves attributing positive events to our own character but blaming negative outcomes on external factors. For instance, if we win a competition, we might attribute it to our skills, but if we lose, we might blame it on bad luck.
Social facilitation refers to improved performance in the presence of others. It typically enhances performance on simple or well-rehearsed tasks but may hinder performance on complex tasks due to increased pressure.
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