Answer :
Structural isomerism example are [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺ and [Co(NH₃)₅Cl]²⁺.
Stereoisomerism example are [Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂] and [Pt(NH₃)₂(C₂H₄)].
Coordination isomerism example are [Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)Cl] and [Co(NH₃)₅(NO₂)]²⁺.
Isomerism in coordination compounds refers to the phenomenon where different compounds have the same chemical formula but differ in the arrangement of ligands around the central metal atom or ion.
There are several types of isomerism in coordination compounds:
1. Structural isomerism: Compounds have different arrangements of ligands around the central metal atom. Example: [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺ and [Co(NH₃)₅Cl]²⁺.
2. Stereoisomerism: Compounds have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in spatial arrangement. Examples include geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism) and optical isomerism (enantiomers). Example: [Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂] and [Pt(NH₃)₂(C₂H₄)].
3. Coordination isomerism: Exists in complexes containing different types of ligands, resulting in different coordination spheres. Example: [Co(NH₃)₄(NO₂)Cl] and [Co(NH₃)₅(NO₂)]²⁺.
