Answer:
Explanation:Metals are good conductors of electricity for several reasons:
Free Electrons: In a metal, atoms are arranged in a lattice structure, and the outermost electrons of the atoms are loosely bound to the nucleus. These outer electrons are called "free electrons" because they are not tightly bound to any particular atom and are relatively free to move throughout the metal lattice.
Electron Mobility: Due to the metallic bonding, the free electrons can move easily through the lattice when an electric field is applied. This high mobility of electrons allows metals to conduct electricity effectively.
Low Resistance: The movement of free electrons in metals encounters relatively few obstacles. As a result, metals have low resistance to the flow of electric current, making them efficient conductors.
Thermal Agitation: Even at room temperature, there is some thermal agitation within the metal lattice, which provides additional energy to the free electrons, facilitating their movement.
Band Structure: In the quantum mechanical description of metals, the energy levels of the outer electrons form a "band" rather than discrete energy levels. This band structure allows for the existence of many available energy states for the electrons to occupy, contributing to their mobility.
