To maximize current flow through a resistance, you want to arrange the cells in parallel. So, you would connect all 45 cells in parallel, meaning all the positive terminals are connected together and all the negative terminals are connected together.
The total voltage would remain 1.4V (since all cells are connected in parallel), and the total internal resistance would be the same as one cell, which is 0.1Ω.
Using Ohm's law (V = IR), the current (I) flowing through the resistance (R) of 0.5Ω would be:
\[I = \frac{V}{R}\]
\[I = \frac{1.4V}{0.5Ω}\]
\[I = 2.8A\]
So, the current flowing through the 0.5Ω resistance would be 2.8 amps.
