1. Economic Hardship: Bad harvests, food shortages, and rising bread prices created widespread distress.
2. Rumors: Rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy to starve and attack peasants fueled panic.
3. Political Uncertainty: The fall of the Bastille and the collapse of royal authority created instability.
4. Militia Formation: Peasants formed militias to protect themselves, leading to attacks on nobles' estates.
5. Poor Communication: Rapid spread of false information caused hysteria.
