Final answer:
In the extraction of sodium, CaCl2 is added to lower the melting point of molten sodium chloride, and sodium is not extracted by the electrolysis of an aqueous NaCl solution due to the reactivity of sodium.
Explanation:
CaCl2 is added in the extraction of sodium to lower the melting point of molten sodium chloride, making the electrolysis process more efficient. The addition of CaCl2 helps in reducing energy consumption.
Sodium is not extracted by the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl because in the presence of water, the electrolysis would lead to the formation of hydrogen gas instead of sodium metal due to the high reactivity of sodium.
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