In capillary action, liquid rises higher in narrow tubes, the height in a capillary is influenced by various factors, and temperature affects the kinetic energy of liquid particles.
Capillary action in narrow vs. wider tubes: In a narrow tube, the liquid level will be higher due to increased capillary action, as shown by the equation for capillary rise. The smaller the tube radius, the greater the height reached. Conversely, the level does not depend on the tube's thickness.
Height of liquid column in capillary: The height is independent of the density of the liquid, tube material, and acceleration due to gravity. It is primarily influenced by the radius of the capillary tube and the liquid-air surface tension.
Effect of temperature on liquid kinetic energy: As temperature decreases, the average kinetic energy of liquid particles decreases. This change is due to the reduction in molecular movement and energy associated with lower temperatures.
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