The correct answer to the question is:
d. adaptation
Explanation:
1. Adaptation is the process through which a species changes over time in response to environmental challenges, allowing it to survive and reproduce more effectively.
2. These adaptations can be physical, behavioral, or physiological changes that increase the organism's chances of survival in its specific environment.
3. For example, the long neck of a giraffe is an adaptation that allows it to reach high leaves for food in its habitat, where shorter-necked animals might struggle to feed effectively.
4. Adaptations can occur through natural selection, where individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and pass on those traits to their offspring, gradually leading to a better fit between the species and its environment.
So, in summary, the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment is known as adaptation.
