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Martin Luther's posting of his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 led to reform movements to address corruption and doctrine in the Church (C). This event marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation, which challenged the practices of the Roman Catholic Church and ultimately led to the formation of various Protestant denominations.
The Renaissance was a major turning point in world history, characterized by a revival of art, literature, and learning. It began with the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453, which sparked an influx of Greek scholars and texts into Western Europe, contributing to the intellectual and cultural transformation known as the Renaissance.
I hope this helps you understand the significance of Martin Luther's actions and the start of the Renaissance. Let me know if you have any more questions!