Let's break down the problem step-by-step:
1. Calculate the Temperature Gradient Between Points A and B:
- Given Data:
- Temperature at point A ([tex]\(T_A\)[/tex]) = 60°C
- Temperature at point B ([tex]\(T_B\)[/tex]) = 55°C
- Distance between point A and point B ([tex]\(d\)[/tex]) = 50 meters
- Formula for Temperature Gradient:
[tex]\[
\text{Temperature Gradient} = \frac{T_A - T_B}{d}
\][/tex]
- Substitute the given values:
[tex]\[
\text{Temperature Gradient} = \frac{60°C - 55°C}{50 \text{ meters}} = \frac{5°C}{50 \text{ meters}} = 0.1 \text{ °C per meter}
\][/tex]
- So, the temperature gradient between points A and B is [tex]\(0.1 \text{ °C per meter}\)[/tex].
2. Effect of the Mantle and Crust Being Closer:
- Generally, if the mantle and crust were closer to each other, the temperature difference over a shorter distance would be more pronounced.
- This means that the temperature gradient, which is the rate of temperature change over distance, would increase.
Complete the sentences:
1. Point A and point B are 50 meters apart. The temperature at point A is 60°C. At point B, it is 55°C. The temperature gradient between the points is [tex]\(0.1 \text{ °C per meter}\)[/tex].
2. Keeping other conditions constant, if the mantle and the crust were closer to each other, the temperature gradient between the two would be larger.
