The US Constitution grants the power to declare war to Congress, which is option B in your question.
Here's why:
1. The Constitution gives Congress the authority to declare war in Article I, Section 8. This provision was included to ensure that the decision to go to war was made by a body representing the interests of the people, rather than by a single individual like the president.
2. This division of power between the executive branch (represented by the president) and the legislative branch (Congress) is a fundamental principle of the US government known as the separation of powers.
3. While the president is the commander-in-chief of the military and can order military action without a formal declaration of war, the formal declaration of war can only be made by Congress.
4. Therefore, in the context of the US Constitution, the authority to declare war lies with Congress, making option B the correct answer.
