I can help you identify the causes of the events mentioned in the question:
1. Pope Clement VII refuses to annul Henry VIII's marriage to his first wife:
- Cause: The Pope's refusal was a result of political and religious conflicts between the Pope and Henry VIII over the annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
2. Holy Roman emperor Charles V declares war on Protestants in Germany:
- Cause: Religious tensions and disagreements between Catholics and Protestants led to Charles V, a Catholic ruler, declaring war to maintain Catholic dominance and suppress the Protestant movement.
3. Martin Luther writes his Ninety-Five Theses, criticizing some of the church's practices:
- Cause: Luther's dissatisfaction with the Catholic Church's practices, especially regarding indulgences and authority, motivated him to challenge these practices through his Ninety-Five Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation.
4. Elizabeth I, a Protestant who was tolerant of Catholics, became the queen of England:
- Cause: Elizabeth I's ascension to the throne followed the reigns of her Catholic sister Mary I and father Henry VIII, leading to a period of religious stability and tolerance known as the Elizabethan Religious Settlement.
5. The Anglican church was reestablished in England:
- Cause: The establishment of the Anglican Church in England was a result of Henry VIII's break from the Catholic Church, leading to the creation of a new religious institution with the monarch as the head, separate from papal authority.
6. A new religion formed in Germany:
- Cause: The emergence of Protestantism as a new religious movement in Germany was catalyzed by Martin Luther's actions, including the writing of the Ninety-Five Theses, which challenged the Catholic Church's teachings and practices, ultimately leading to the formation of various Protestant denominations.
