Explanation:
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA. It is a crucial step in cell division and occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle. The process involves several steps:
1. Initiation: The DNA double helix unwinds and separates into two strands by the enzyme helicase.
2. Elongation: DNA polymerase enzymes add complementary nucleotides to each of the original strands, creating two new DNA strands.
3. Termination: The replication process is completed, resulting in two identical DNA molecules, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
DNA replication is essential for cell growth, repair, and reproduction, ensuring that genetic information is accurately passed on to daughter cells.