The phrases can be categorized as follows:
In the past:
- three days ago
- yesterday
- in 2009
- last month
- in October
In the future:
- next week
- when you are free
- after work
- next time you come
- at the weekend
- on Monday
- tomorrow
In the past or future:
- phrases that could refer to either the past or the future, like "next week" (depends on the context)
This categorization helps organize the phrases based on whether they refer to events that occurred in the past, will happen in the future, or could apply to both past and future scenarios.