The major difference between a Prokaryote and a Eukaryote lies in their cell structure and organization:
1. Cell Structure:
- Prokaryotes are simple cells that lack a defined nucleus. Their genetic material floats freely in the cytoplasm.
- Eukaryotes, on the other hand, have a well-defined nucleus that houses their genetic material.
2. Organelles:
- Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus.
- Eukaryotes possess membrane-bound organelles that carry out specific functions within the cell.
3. Size:
- Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller in size and simpler in structure.
- Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and more complex due to the presence of organelles and other structures.
4. Reproduction:
- Prokaryotes reproduce asexually through binary fission, which is a simpler form of cell division.
- Eukaryotes can reproduce both sexually and asexually, involving more complex processes like meiosis and mitosis.
These differences in cell structure, organelles, size, and reproduction highlight the fundamental distinctions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
