In the context of the question, the correct definition for non-theists is:
d.) those who reject the doctrine and philosophy of theism.
Non-theists are individuals who do not adhere to or accept the beliefs and principles of theism. Theism refers to the belief in the existence of a god or gods, typically involving worship and religious practices. Non-theists, on the other hand, reject this belief system and do not follow any theistic teachings or doctrines.
For example, atheists and agnostics are commonly categorized as non-theists because they do not believe in the existence of a god or hold uncertainty about the existence of a deity. These individuals may approach life, ethics, and decision-making from a secular or non-religious perspective, which can influence their daily interactions and choices.
Therefore, non-theists play a significant role in shaping societal dynamics and contribute to the diversity of perspectives and beliefs present in communities where religious differences impact various aspects of individuals' lives.