The correct statement among the options provided is:
d. The interference and diffraction of light demonstrate the wave theory of light.
Explanation:
1. Interference and diffraction are phenomena that can be observed when light interacts with obstacles or slits. These phenomena are best explained by the wave theory of light.
2. Interference occurs when two or more waves overlap, leading to the reinforcement or cancellation of certain parts of the waves. This behavior is characteristic of waves, not particles.
3. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through small openings. This behavior is also a characteristic of waves.
4. Both interference and diffraction of light support the wave nature of light, indicating that light exhibits wave-like properties rather than behaving solely as particles.
Therefore, option d is correct because the interference and diffraction of light align with the wave theory of light, demonstrating its wave-like characteristics.