The integrative therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is:
a. Cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Explanation:
1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that combines cognitive therapy (focused on modifying self-defeating thinking patterns) and behavioral therapy (focused on changing maladaptive behaviors).
2. In CBT, the therapist works with the individual to identify and challenge negative thought patterns, beliefs, and attitudes that contribute to emotional distress or problematic behaviors.
3. By addressing both thoughts and behaviors, CBT helps individuals develop coping strategies, change negative behaviors, and improve their overall mental health.
4. Other options mentioned:
- Behavior modification: Focuses primarily on changing observable behaviors through reinforcement and conditioning techniques.
- Client-centered therapy: Emphasizes the importance of the therapeutic relationship and the client's self-actualization process.
- A token economy: Involves a system of reinforcement where individuals earn tokens for desired behaviors that can be exchanged for rewards.
In summary, among the options provided, cognitive-behavioral therapy best fits the description of an integrative therapy targeting both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions.
