The correct answer to the question is:
2. Charles Wyville Thomson led the Challenger Expedition from 1872 to 1876. He was a Scottish natural historian and marine zoologist who played a significant role in leading the scientific exploration of the deep sea during the expedition.
Charles Wyville Thomson and his team aboard the HMS Challenger made numerous groundbreaking discoveries of life in the deep sea. Their findings revolutionized the scientific understanding of oceanography and marine biology, paving the way for future research in this field.
It's important to remember that Charles Wyville Thomson was a key figure in the Challenger Expedition and not the other individuals mentioned in the question.
