Seed germination, dispersal methods, cotyledon function, vegetative propagation, and seed structure are essential concepts in the growth and reproduction of plants.
Seed germination is the process where a seed sprouts and begins to grow into a seedling. It requires water, oxygen, and suitable temperature.
Seed dispersal is the movement of seeds away from the parent plant to ensure the plant offspring are not crowded together and compete for resources.
The agents of seed dispersal include wind, water, animals, and gravity. Examples are birds carrying seeds in their fur or digestive tract, wind carrying lightweight seeds, and water dispersing seeds downstream.
The cotyledon is a seed leaf that provides essential nutrients to the developing plant embryo until it can photosynthesize on its own.
Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where new plants grow from stems, roots, or leaves without the need for seeds.
To draw a labelled diagram of the structure of a seed, indicate the seed coat, endosperm, embryo with cotyledons, and the radicle (embryonic root).
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