Final answer:
Carbohydrates and peripheral proteins on the cell membrane play a vital role in cell recognition and immune system function.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are the plasma membrane component used for cell signaling, acting as an ID tag and participating in cell recognition. Along with peripheral proteins, carbohydrates form specialized sites on the cell's surface allowing cells to recognize each other. These sites play a crucial role in immune system identification of 'self' and 'non-self' cells.
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