Explanation of refraction, angles of incidence and refraction, and Snell's Law in wave speed change across media.
When a wave enters a medium and speeds up, it undergoes refraction. Refraction is the bending of the wave due to a change in speed as it crosses a boundary between two materials. The angle of refraction is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal drawn at the point of refraction.
In a diagram showing this, the angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal, while the angle of refraction is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal. The process of refraction follows Snell's Law, which relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of the two media.
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