Answer :
Answer:
Transition metals are a group of elements that share certain characteristics. Here are some of the key characteristics of transition metals:
1. **Variable Oxidation States:** Transition metals can exhibit multiple oxidation states, meaning they can lose different numbers of electrons to form positive ions.
2. **Colored Compounds:** Transition metal compounds often display vivid colors due to the presence of partially filled d orbitals that can absorb visible light.
3. **Complex Formation:** Transition metals readily form coordination complexes in which they are bonded to other molecules or ions, known as ligands, through coordinate covalent bonds.
4. **Catalytic Properties:** Many transition metals and their compounds act as catalysts in various chemical reactions due to their ability to change oxidation states easily.
5. **High Density and Melting Points:** Transition metals are typically dense and have high melting and boiling points compared to other metals.
6. **Malleability and Ductility:** Transition metals are malleable (can be hammered into thin sheets) and ductile (can be drawn into wires).
7. **Paramagnetism:** Many transition metal ions and compounds are paramagnetic, meaning they are attracted to magnetic fields due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
8. **Formation of Colored Ions:** Transition metals often form colored ions in solution due to the absorption of certain wavelengths of light by their d electrons.
9. **Formation of Alloys:** Transition metals readily form alloys with other metals, leading to enhanced mechanical and chemical properties.
10. **Complex Ion Formation:** Transition metals often form complex ions in aqueous solutions, which have a central metal ion surrounded by ligands.
Answer:
1. Transition metals can exhibit multiple oxidation states due to the availability of both s and d orbitals for electron transfer.
2. Many transition metal compounds are colored due to the presence of partially filled d orbitals, which can absorb light in the visible range.
3. Transition metals readily form coordination complexes with ligands due to their ability to accept lone pair electrons from ligands into vacant d orbitals.
4. Transition metals generally have high densities and melting points compared to s-block elements.
5. Transition metal ions often show paramagnetic behavior due to the presence of unpaired electrons in their d orbitals.
6. Transition metals are typically good conductors of heat and electricity and have metallic luster.
