The relationship between Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya in the phylogenetic tree and the classification of new single-celled organisms are explained.
To determine if Bacteria are more closely related to Archaea or Eukarya, we look at the phylogenetic tree of the three domains of life. Based on this tree, Bacteria are more closely related to Archaea than to Eukarya because they share a more recent common ancestor with Archaea.
When a new single-celled organism is discovered, its placement within the domains of life depends on whether it has a nucleus. If the cells have nuclei, it belongs to the Eukarya domain, but if they lack nuclei, it falls under either the Archaea or Bacteria domains.
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