Separation of powers divides government powers, federalism divides powers between central and state governments, and checks and balances prevent one branch from overpowering others.
Separation of powers is a principle of government where the powers are divided among different branches, such as executive, legislative, and judicial. Each branch has specific powers to prevent the abuse of power. Federalism divides powers between central and state governments, while checks and balances ensures that no single branch has too much power over the others by allowing branches to limit each other's power.
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