Answer :
Certainly! Let's break down the problem step by step and provide the missing pieces of code to build the game.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Initialize the Game:
- Prompt the user for the capital of California.
- Initialize a counter to track the number of guesses made.
2. Loop Until Correct Answer or 3 Incorrect Guesses:
- Use a `while` loop to continuously ask the user for the capital of California.
- Increment the number of guesses each time the user makes a guess.
- Check if the number of guesses exceeds 3. If so, print a message that the game is over and exit the loop.
- If the guess is incorrect but the number of guesses is not greater than 3, prompt the user to guess again.
3. End the Loop:
- If the correct answer is given, the loop will terminate and we can handle it accordingly (e.g., print a success message).
### Missing Code:
To fill in the missing code piece, we will follow the structure provided and fill in the gaps accordingly.
Here is the filled-in code:
```python
capital_guess = input("What is the capital of California? ")
number_of_guesses = 1
while capital_guess != "Sacramento":
number_of_guesses += 1
if number_of_guesses > 3:
print("You guessed incorrectly three times. Game over.")
break # Exit the loop after 3 incorrect guesses
capital_guess = input("Guess again. ")
if capital_guess == "Sacramento":
print("Correct! The capital of California is Sacramento.")
```
### Explanation:
1. Prompt User for Initial Guess:
```python
capital_guess = input("What is the capital of California? ")
```
- This line asks the user for their first guess.
2. Initialize Guess Counter:
```python
number_of_guesses = 1
```
- This initializes the counter to keep track of the number of guesses made.
3. While Loop to Check Guesses:
```python
while capital_guess != "Sacramento":
number_of_guesses += 1
if number_of_guesses > 3:
print("You guessed incorrectly three times. Game over.")
break
capital_guess = input("Guess again. ")
```
- The `while` loop continues asking for the capital as long as the guess is incorrect.
- `number_of_guesses` is incremented by 1 each time an incorrect guess is made.
- If `number_of_guesses` exceeds 3, the game prints a message and exits the loop using `break`.
- If the guess is wrong but within 3 guesses, it prompts the user to guess again.
4. Check for Correct Answer:
```python
if capital_guess == "Sacramento":
print("Correct! The capital of California is Sacramento.")
```
- After the loop, if the correct answer was finally given, a success message is printed.
### Conclusion:
This step-by-step approach ensures that the game correctly handles up to three incorrect guesses and provides appropriate feedback to the user based on their input.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Initialize the Game:
- Prompt the user for the capital of California.
- Initialize a counter to track the number of guesses made.
2. Loop Until Correct Answer or 3 Incorrect Guesses:
- Use a `while` loop to continuously ask the user for the capital of California.
- Increment the number of guesses each time the user makes a guess.
- Check if the number of guesses exceeds 3. If so, print a message that the game is over and exit the loop.
- If the guess is incorrect but the number of guesses is not greater than 3, prompt the user to guess again.
3. End the Loop:
- If the correct answer is given, the loop will terminate and we can handle it accordingly (e.g., print a success message).
### Missing Code:
To fill in the missing code piece, we will follow the structure provided and fill in the gaps accordingly.
Here is the filled-in code:
```python
capital_guess = input("What is the capital of California? ")
number_of_guesses = 1
while capital_guess != "Sacramento":
number_of_guesses += 1
if number_of_guesses > 3:
print("You guessed incorrectly three times. Game over.")
break # Exit the loop after 3 incorrect guesses
capital_guess = input("Guess again. ")
if capital_guess == "Sacramento":
print("Correct! The capital of California is Sacramento.")
```
### Explanation:
1. Prompt User for Initial Guess:
```python
capital_guess = input("What is the capital of California? ")
```
- This line asks the user for their first guess.
2. Initialize Guess Counter:
```python
number_of_guesses = 1
```
- This initializes the counter to keep track of the number of guesses made.
3. While Loop to Check Guesses:
```python
while capital_guess != "Sacramento":
number_of_guesses += 1
if number_of_guesses > 3:
print("You guessed incorrectly three times. Game over.")
break
capital_guess = input("Guess again. ")
```
- The `while` loop continues asking for the capital as long as the guess is incorrect.
- `number_of_guesses` is incremented by 1 each time an incorrect guess is made.
- If `number_of_guesses` exceeds 3, the game prints a message and exits the loop using `break`.
- If the guess is wrong but within 3 guesses, it prompts the user to guess again.
4. Check for Correct Answer:
```python
if capital_guess == "Sacramento":
print("Correct! The capital of California is Sacramento.")
```
- After the loop, if the correct answer was finally given, a success message is printed.
### Conclusion:
This step-by-step approach ensures that the game correctly handles up to three incorrect guesses and provides appropriate feedback to the user based on their input.
