Final answer:
Historical archaeologists excavate sites to study past societies without written records, using excavation and analysis of material remains to complement historical texts.
Explanation:
Historical archaeologists study past societies when there are no written or oral histories available. They excavate sites and analyze material remains to understand civilizations that lacked written records, complementing the written record with physical evidence.
One key method that archaeologists use is excavation - a meticulous process of digging and recording to uncover historical artifacts and structures. For example, Kathleen Kenyon's excavation at Jericho unveiled city structures dating back to 10,000 BCE.
Archaeologists often unearth stories of marginalized groups overlooked in historical texts, providing a more inclusive and accurate representation of the past. By analyzing material culture and complementing written records, historical archaeologists piece together narratives of societies previously missing from conventional history.
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