Final answer:
Thermal energy is the kinetic energy linked to the random motion of particles in a system, influencing the hotness or coldness of the object.
Explanation:
Thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules in a system. When the particles move or vibrate quickly, they have higher average kinetic energy, resulting in the object being 'hot'. Thermal energy contributes to the internal energy of a system, which is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of its particles.
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