Answer :
Final answer:
Friction in machines causes the work output to be less than the work input due to losses from resistance. This inefficiency is primarily caused by friction converting input work to heat energy.
Explanation:
Friction reduces the work input in machines, causing the work output to be less than the work needed to operate them. When friction is present, work is lost due to the resistance encountered, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.
For instance, in a hydraulic system, if there are losses to friction, the output force is affected, especially when the fluid is in motion. Friction converts some of the input work into unavailable heat, leading to an efficiency lower than 100%.
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