Answer:
When the lady gets out of the car with plastic-covered seats and touches the door handle, she experiences an electric shock because of static electricity buildup.
Here's why this happens:
1. **Friction**: When the lady sits on the plastic-covered seats, friction is created between her clothes and the plastic material. This friction causes the transfer of electrons between the two surfaces, leading to a buildup of static electricity on her body.
2. **Insulation**: Plastic is an insulating material, which means it does not conduct electricity easily. So, when the lady gets out of the car and her feet touch the ground, the excess static charge on her body cannot easily flow into the ground to neutralize.3. **Conductive Path**: When she touches the metal door handle, which is a conductor, the excess static charge on her body seeks a path to discharge. This sudden flow of electrons between her body and the metal handle creates a small electric shock sensation.
To prevent such shocks, one can reduce static electricity buildup by using antistatic sprays on the seats or grounding oneself before getting out of the car by touching a metal part of the car's frame.