Final answer:
In 1979, China implemented a one-child policy to manage population growth, which was later modified to allow each couple to have up to three children in 2016.
Explanation:
In 1979, China enacted a one-child policy to prevent a population explosion. This policy restricted families to only one child and was enforced through a variety of penalties and benefits. The policy was lifted in 2015, but due to its long-term effects, China further relaxed the policy in 2016 allowing each couple to have up to three children.
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