Primary and secondary succession processes involve pioneer species preparing the ground for diverse plant life over time.
Primary succession is the process of biota development in an area devoid of life, where pioneer species like lichens and mosses start the ecosystem. These hardy organisms break down rocks and create soil for grasses, shrubs, and trees to grow over time, establishing a diverse community. In contrast, secondary succession occurs after a disturbance like a wildfire, with pioneer species paving the way for the return of a forest ecosystem.
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