Answer :
Final answer:
Reservoir is where infectious agents thrive and multiply, while portals of exit and entry determine how pathogens spread.
Explanation:
Reservoir is the area where an infectious agent can live, grow, and multiply. It can be living organisms or nonliving locations like soil and water in the environment.
The portal of exit is the pathway through which the agent leaves the source, while the portal of entry is where the pathogen enters a susceptible host, providing access to tissues for multiplication.
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Answer:
Option 3, reservoir
Explanation:
The area in which an infectious agent can live, grow, and multiply is known as its reservoir.
Within the susceptible host, in order to mature and proliferate the pathogen must reside in an environment that is conducive to such actions to occur. They require a place somewhere in the body where they can collect and occupy, incubate, receive adequate nutrients, and gain effective access to both their portal of entry and portal of exit -- respectively, the places where the pathogen enters the body and leaves the body. For example, some bacteria may prefer warm environments with abundant sources of glucose and a supply of oxygen.
Therefore, these pathogens need a reservoir, option 3.